La introducción de genes cry1Ab en algodón (Gossypium hirsutum) mejora la resistencia contra las plagas de lepidópteros (Helicoverpa armigera)

  • G. A. Khan Cotton Research Institute. Faisalabad
  • A. Bakhsh National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology. Lahore
  • S. Riazuddin Allama Iqbal Medical College/Jinnah Hospital Complex. University of Health Sciences. Lahore
  • T. Husnain National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology. Lahore
Palabras clave: bioensayo de toxicidad de la hoja, medio MS, número de copias de genes, transformación

Resumen

Un importante avance en biotecnología vegetal ha sido el desarrollo de técnicas para transformar genes provenientes de fuentes no relacionadas en cultivos de importancia comercial para desarrollar resistencia contra plagas de insectos. Se transformó el cultivar local de algodón MNH-93 por medio de la cepa C58C1 de Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediante bombardeo con partículas de tungsteno. La cepa de Agrobacterium contenía el vector binario recombinante pKMAB que albergaba cry1Ab bajo el promotor 35S. Se utilizó el gen neomicina fosfotransferasa (nptII) a una concentración de 50 mg L–1 como marcador genético. La eficiencia de transformación se mantuvo en un 0,26%. Los transformantes primarios se analizaron para la integración y expresión del gen mediante PCR, Southern blotting y Western dot blot. El número de copias del gen se determinó por Southern blot a fin de conocer los sitios de integración del cry1Ab. Se cuantificó la proteína Bt producida en las plantas transgénicas utilizando el software ImageQuant, que varió de 0,00 hasta 1,35% de las proteínas totales. Las semillas de plantas positivas obtenidas a partir de la progenie T0 se crecieron en condiciones de invernadero y de campo para evaluar su comportamiento en el campo. Se realizaron ensayos de biotoxicidad de la hoja para determinar la eficacia del gen introducido. Los resultados mostraron que las líneas transgénicas en la progenie T1 tienen un nivel apreciable de resistencia (40-60%) contra las plagas de lepidópteros, tanto en condiciones de invernadero como de campo.

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Publicado
2011-03-01
Cómo citar
Khan, G. A., Bakhsh, A., Riazuddin, S., & Husnain, T. (2011). La introducción de genes cry1Ab en algodón (Gossypium hirsutum) mejora la resistencia contra las plagas de lepidópteros (Helicoverpa armigera). Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(1), 296-302. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/20110901-136-10
Sección
Protección vegetal