Abundancia de artrópodos epigeos en parcelas con diferentes cultivos

  • J. L. Pérez-Bote Área de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Univerisdad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, España
  • A. J. Romero Área de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Univerisdad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, España
Palabras clave: abundancia, agrosistemas, linderos, diversidad

Resumen

El estudio de los artrópodos puede aportar información de interés de cómo los ecosistemas responden a las diferentes prácticas de manejo del suelo. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la abundancia, la riqueza y la composición de artrópodos epigeos en diferentes agrosistemas del suroeste de España. Se seleccionaron seis parcelas con diferentes usos agrícolas: olivar, viñedo, plantación mixta de viñedo-olivar, cereal, barbecho y viñedo abandonado, utilizándose los linderos como sistemas de referencia. En cada parcela se colocaron 30 trampas de caída en una cuadrícula de 10 × 3, de modo que cada línea de trampas quedó colocada a una distancia corta (SD, 1 m), media (MD, 6 m) o grande (LD, 11 m) de los linderos. Se capturaron un total de 11.992 artrópodos edáficos, pertenecientes a 11 taxa diferentes. Numéricamente la fauna del suelo estaba dominada por Formicidae (26,60%), Coleoptera (19,77%) y Aranae (16,76%). El mayor número de artrópodos se capturó en los linderos y en la viña abandonada, encontrándose diferencias significativas en la abundancia entre las diferentes parcelas y las zonas donde se ubicaron las líneas de trampas. Sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias entre los distintos meses estudiados (abril-julio). La riqueza y la diversidad fue mayor en los linderos y en la viña abandonada, encontrándose diferencias entre parcelas para estas variables. Nuestros resultados sugieren que la intensificación de la agricultura afecta a los artrópodos en Tierra de Barros, un grupo taxonómico con un importante papel en el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas agrícolas.

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Publicado
2012-01-27
Cómo citar
Pérez-Bote, J. L., & Romero, A. J. (2012). Abundancia de artrópodos epigeos en parcelas con diferentes cultivos. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(1), 55-61. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2012101-202-11
Sección
Medio ambiente y ecología agraria