Efectos de la inclusión de granos secos de destilería con solubles de sorgo (DDGS) en dietas de transición y cebo en porcino
Resumen
Los efectos de la inclusión de granos de sorgo secos de destilería con solubles (DDGS-sorgo) en dietas de cerdos sobre el rendimiento productivo y la calidad de la canal fueron investigados. Un total de 204 animales de 13,9±2,60 kg de peso vivo (PV) se dividieron en dos tratamientos, unos alimentados con un pienso convencional (C) y otros con un pienso con DDGS-sorgo (DDGS). Los niveles de inclusión de DDGS fueron: 150 g kg-1 en cerdos de 14-40 kg PV; 300 g kg-1 de 40-80 kg PV y 350 g kg-1 de 80 kg PV hasta sacrificio. Durante el estudio se midió el peso, consumo, espesor de grasa dorsal (EGD) y la profundidad de lomo (PL) de los animales. El contenido en proteína, fibra y grasa de los DDGS-sorgo fue alrededor de tres veces superior al del grano. Durante la transición, el consumo de pienso y el peso final tendió a ser menor en el grupo DDGS que en el grupo C (871,4 g d-1 y 30 kg vs 951,1 g d-1 y 31 kg). En cebo no se encontraron diferencias entre tratamientos. Los animales alimentados con DDGS-sorgo mostraron mayor EGD que los del grupo C (10,96 vs 9,80 mm, p<0,001). La PL y el peso y rendimiento de la canal fueron similares entre tratamientos. Por lo tanto, si bien concentraciones de 150 g kg-1 de DDGS-sorgo redujeron los rendimientos productivos en transición, niveles de 300-350 g kg-1 durante el cebo no los afectaron, aunque produjeron canales más grasas.Descargas
Citas
AOAC, 2005. Official methods of analysis, 18th ed. Association of Official Analytical and Chemists, Washington DC, USA.
Burkey TE, Miller PS, Moreno R, Sepherd SS, Carney EE, 2008. Effects of increasing levels of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance of weanling pigs. J Anim Sci 86 (Suppl 2): 50 (Abstr).
Cozannet P, Primot Y, Gady C, Métayer JP, Callu P, Lessire M, Skiba F, Noblet J, 2010. Composition and amino acids ileal digestibility of wheat distillers dried grains and solubles in pigs: sources of variability. Livest Sci 134: 176-179.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2010.06.130
EurObserv'Er, 2012. Biofuel barometer. EurOberv'Er report. Available in http://www.eurobserv-er.org/pdf/baro210.pdf. [08 October 2012].
FEDNA, 2010. Tablas de composición y valor nutritivo de alimentos para la fabricación de piensos compuestos, 3ª edición (De Blas C, Mateos GG, García-Rebollar P, eds). Fundación Española para el Desarrollo de la Nutrición Animal, Madrid, Spain. [In Spanish].
Feoli C, Issa S, Hancock JD, Gugle TL, Carter SD, Cole NA, 2007a. Effects of adding saturated fat to diets with sorghum-based distillers dried grains with solubles on growth performance and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs. J Anim Sci 85(Suppl 1): 148. (Abstr).
Feoli C, Hancock JD, Monge C, Gugle TL, Carter SD, Cole NA, 2007b. Digestible energy content of corn vs sorghum-based distillers dried grains with soluble in finishing pigs. J Anim Sci 85 (Suppl 2): 95 (Abstr).
Feoli C, Hancock JD, Monge C, Gugle TL, Carter SD, Cole NA, 2007c. Effects of corn- and sorghum-based distillers dried grains with solubles on growth performance and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs. J Anim Sci 85 (Suppl. 2): 95 (Abstr).
Feoli C, Hancock JD, Gugle TL, Carter SD, Cole NA, 2008a. Effects of enzyme additions to diets with corn and sorghum-based distillers dried grains with solubles on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in nursery and finishing pigs. J Anim Sci 86 (Suppl 2): 572 (Abstr).
Feoli C, Hancock JD, Issa S, Gugle TL, Carter SD, 2008b. Effects of adding beef tallow and palm oil to diets with sorghum-based distillers dried grains with solubles on growth performance and carcass characteristics in finishing pigs. J Anim Sci 86 (Suppl 3): 86 (Abstr).
Hall MB, Lewis BA, Van Soest PJ, Chase LE, 1997. A simple method for estimation of neutral detergent-soluble fibre. J Sci Food Agric 74: 441-449.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199708)74:4<441::AID-JSFA813>3.0.CO;2-C
Hastad C, 2005. The use of dried distillers grains with solubles in swine diets. Doctoral thesis. Kansas Sta Univ, Manhattan, USA.
INRA, 2004. Tables of composition and nutritional value of feed materials: pig, poultry, cattle, sheep, goats, rabbits, horses, fish (Sauvant D, Perez JM, Tran G, eds), Wageningen Acad Publ, Wageningen, Netherlands and INRA editions, Versailles, France.
Jenkins SK, 2003. Effects of corn or sorghum distillers dried grains with solubles on apparent nutrient digestibility of growing pigs. Master's thesis. Oklahoma Sta Univ, Stillwater, USA.
Jones CK, Bergstrom JR, Tokach MD, Derouchey JM, Goodband RD, Nelssen JL, Dritz SS, 2010. Efficacy of commercial enzymes in diets containing various concentrations and sources of dried distillers grains with soluble for nursery pigs. J Anim Sci 88: 2084-2091.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2009-2109
PMid:20118431
Jørensen H, Zhao XQ, Eggum BO, 1996. The influence of dietary fibre and environmental temperature on the development of the gastrointestinal tract, digestibility, degree of fermentation in the hind-gut and energy metabolism in pigs. Brit J Nutr 75: 365-378.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/BJN19960140
Klopfenstein TJ, Erickson GE, Bremer VR, 2008. Use of distillers byproducts in the beef cattle feeding industry. J Anim Sci 86: 1223-1231.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2007-0550
PMid:18156361
Linneen SK, Derouchey JM, Dritz SS, Goodband RD, Tokach MD, Nelssen JL, 2008. Effects of dried distillers grains with solubles on growing and finishing pig performance in a commercial environment. J Anim Sci 86: 1579-1587.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2007-0486
PMid:18344296
Liu HJ, Chang BY, Yan HW, Yu FH, Liu XX, 1995. Determination of amino acids in food and feed by derivatization with 6-aminoquinolyl-Nhydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate and reverse-phase liquid chromatographic separation. J AOAC Int 78: 736-744.
Martínez-Vallespín B, Navarrete C, Martínez-Paredes E, Ródenas L, Cervera C, Blas E, 2011. Determinación de la fibra soluble en detergente neutro: modificaciones del método original. XIV Jornadas sobre Producción Animal. Zaragoza. ITEA, vol extra: 291-293.
Noblet J, Le Goff G, 2001. Effect of dietary fibre on the energy value of feeds for pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 90: 35-52.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00195-X
NRC, 1998. Nutrient requirements of swine, 10th rev. ed. Natl Acad Press, Washington DC, USA.
Rasco BA, Dong FM, Hashisaka AE, Gazzaz SS, Downey SE, San Buenaventura ML, 1987. Chemical composition of distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from soft white wheat, hard red wheat and corn. J Food Sci 52: 236-237.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1987.tb14019.x
SAS, 2002. Statistical analysis systems, vers 9.1. SAS Institute Inc., Cary NC, USA.
Senne BW, Hancock JD, Sorrell PS, Kim IH, Traylor SL, Hines RH, Behnke KC, 1995. Effects of distillers grains on growth performance in nursery and finishing pigs. Kansas Agr Exp Sta Rep, pp: 68-70.
Senne BW, Hancock JD, Mavromichalis I, Johnston SL, Sorrell PS, Kim IH, Hines RH, 1996. Use of sorghum-based distillers grains in diets for nursery and finishing pigs. Kansas Agr Exp Sta Rep, pp: 140-145.
Senne BW, Hancock JD, Hines RH, Dean DW, Mavromichalis I, Froetschner JR, 1998. Effects of whole grain and distillers dried grains with solubles from normal and heterowaxy endosperm sorghums on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs. Kansas Agr Exp Sta Rep, pp: 148-152.
Spencer JD, Petersen GI, Gaines AM, Augsburger NR, 2007. Evaluation of different strategies for supplementing distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) to nursery pig diets. J Anim Sci 85 (Suppl 2): 96-97. (Abstr).
Spiehs MJ, Whitney MH, Shurson GC, 2002. Nutrient database for distiller's dried grains with solubles produced from new ethanol plants in Minnesota and South Dakota. J Anim Sci 80: 2639-2645.
PMid:12413086
Stein HH, 2007. Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in diets fed to swine. Swine Focus No. 001. Univ of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
Stein HH, Shurson GC, 2009. Review: The use and application of distillers dried grains with solubles in swine diets. J Anim Sci 87: 1292-1303.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2008-1290
PMid:19028847
Swiatkiewicz S, Koreleski J, 2008. The use of distillers dried grains with soluble s (DDGS) in poultry nutrition. World's Poult Sci J 64: 257-266.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0043933908000044
Urriola PE, Hoehler D, Pedersen C, Stein HH, Shurson GC, 2009. Amino acid digestibility of distillers dried grains with solubles, produced from sorghum, a sorghum-corn blend, and corn fed to growing pigs. J Anim Sci 87: 2574-2580.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2008-1436
PMid:19395509
Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA, 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci 74: 3583-3597.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
Wang D, Bean S, Mcclaren J, Seib P, Madl R, Tuinstra M, Shi Y, Lenz M, Wu X, Zhao R, 2008. Grain sorghum is a viable feedstock for ethanol production. J Ind Microbiol Biot 35: 313-320.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10295-008-0313-1
PMid:18214563
Widmer MR, Mcginnis LM, Wulf DM, Stein HH, 2008. Effects of feeding distillers dried grains with soluble, high-protein distillers dried grains, and corn germ to growing-finishing pigs on pig performance, carcass quality and the palatability of pork. J Anim Sci 86: 1819-1831.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2527/jas.2007-0594
PMid:18375667
© CSIC. Los originales publicados en las ediciones impresa y electrónica de esta Revista son propiedad del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, siendo necesario citar la procedencia en cualquier reproducción parcial o total.
Salvo indicación contraria, todos los contenidos de la edición electrónica se distribuyen bajo una licencia de uso y distribución “Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional ” (CC BY 4.0). Consulte la versión informativa y el texto legal de la licencia. Esta circunstancia ha de hacerse constar expresamente de esta forma cuando sea necesario.
No se autoriza el depósito en repositorios, páginas web personales o similares de cualquier otra versión distinta a la publicada por el editor.
