Comparison of insecticidal efficacy of four natural substances against granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius [L.]) adults: does the combined use of the substances improve their efficacy?
Abstract
Laboratory tests were carried out to evaluate the insecticidal efficacy of different natural inert dusts (diatomaceous earth, wood ash, quartz sand) and the leaf powder of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. against granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius [L.]) adults. The efficacy of the substances was tested individually and in combination with each other. The substances were applied at different concentrations, and bioassays were carried out at four different temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35°C) and two different relative humidity (RH) levels (55% and 75%). The adult mortality was recorded after the 7th, 14th and 21st days of exposure. The progeny production of individuals exposed to different combinations was also assessed. Wood ash proved to be the most efficient inert dust in our research. We detected 100% mortality in the treatment exposed to a higher concentration (5 w%) of wood ash at 35°C and 55% RH after 7 days of exposure. A lower RH level had also a negative impact on the progeny production. We can conclude that wood ash can be efficient in controlling granary weevil adults as a single substance or in combination with other substances. Further surveys should focus on the impact of the wood ash dose rates. Due to the high percentage of area covered with forest in some European countries, the main ingredient is present locally, but additional surveys are needed to help improve the practical use of wood ash.
Downloads
References
Abbott WS, 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J Econ Entomol 18: 265-267. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/18.2.265a
Athanassiou CG, Kavallieratos NG, Dimizas CB, Vayias BJ, Tomanovic Z, 2006. Factors affecting the insecticidal efficacy of the diatomaceous earth formulation SilicoSec® against adults of the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculinonidae). Appl Entomol Zoo 41: 201-207. https://doi.org/10.1303/aez.2006.201
Athanassiou CG, Rumbos CI, Sakka MK, Vayias BJ, Stephou, VK, Nakas CT, 2016. Insecticidal effect of the combined application of spinosad, Beauveria bassiana and diatomaceous earth for the control of Tribolium confusum. Biocontrol Sci Techn 26: 809-819. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2016.1159657
Bohinc T, Vayias B, Bartol T, Trdan S, 2013. Assessment of insecticidal efficacy of diatomaceous earth and dusts of common lavender and field horsetail against bean weevil adults. Neotrop Entomol 42: 642-648. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-013-0168-7
Boiteau G, Singh RP, McCarthy PC, MacKinley PD, 2012. Wood ash potential for colorado beetle control. Am J Potato Res 89: 129-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-012-9234-7
Bouayad N, Rharrabe K, Ghailani NN, Jbilou R, Castañera P, Ortego F, 2013. Insecticidal effects of Morocan plant extracts on development, energy reserves and enzymatic activities of Plodia interpunctella. Span J Agric Res 11: 189-198. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2013111-692-11
Brais S, Belanger N, Guillemette T, 2015. Wood ash and N fertilization in the Canadian boreal forest: soil properties and response of jack pine and black spruce. Forest Ecol Manage 348: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.03.021
Campolo O, Romeo FV, Malacrino A, Laudani F, Carpinteri G, Fabroni S, Rapisarda P, Palmeri V, 2014. Effects of inert dusts applied alone and in combination with sweet orange essential oil against Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and wheat microbial population. Ind Crop Prod 61: 361-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.07.028
Demissie G, Tefera T, Tadesse A, 2008. Efficacy of Silicosec, filter cake and wood ash against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on three maize genotypes. J Stored Prod Res 44: 227-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2008.01.001
Fields P, Korunić Z, Fleurat-Lessard F, 2001. Control of insects in post-harvest: inert dusts and mechanical means. In: Physical control methods in plant protection; Vincent C, Panneton B & Fleurat-Lessard F (eds.), pp. 248-260. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04584-8_17
Gahukar RT, 2014. Factors affecting content and bioefficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) phytochemicals used in agricultural pest control: A review. Crop Prot 62: 93-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2014.04.014
Golob P, 1997. Current status and future perspectives for inert dusts for control of stored product insects. J Stored Prod Res 33: 69-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(96)00031-8
Hakbijl T, 2002. The traditional, historical and prehistoric use of ashes as insecticide, with an experimental study on the insecticidal efficacy of washed ash. Environ Archaeol 7: 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1179/env.2002.7.1.13
Hamza AF, El-Orabi MN, Gharieb, OH, El-Saeady AHA, Hussein ARE, 2016. Response of Sitophilus granarius L. to fumigant toxicity of some plant volatile oils. J Rad Res App Sci 9: 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2015.05.005
Jean WG, Nchiwan NE, Dieudonne N, Christoper S, Adler C, 2015. Efficacy of diatomeacous earth and wood ash for the control of Sitophilus zeamais in stored maize. J Entomol Zool Stud 3: 390-397.
Kavallieratos NG, Athanassiou CG, Korunić Z, Mikeli NH, 2015. Evaluation of three novel diatomaceous earths against three stored-grain beetle species on wheat and maize. Crop Prot 75 132-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.05.004
Korunic Z, 1998. Diatomaceous earths, a group of natural insecticides. J Stored Prod Res 34: 87-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-474X(97)00039-8
Korunić Z, 2016. Overview of undiserable effects of using diatomaceous earths for direct mixing with grains. Pesticides & Phytomedicine (Belgrade) 31: 9-18. http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1820-3949/2016/1820-39491602009K.pdf.
Kranjc N, Piškur M, Klun J, Premrl T, Piškur B, Robek R, Mihelič M, Sinjur I, 2009. Lesna goriva-drva in lesni sekanci. Proizvodnja, standardi kakovosti in trgovanje. Gozdarski Inštitut Slovenije. Založba Silva Slovenica, p. 81. [in Slovenian].
Maltas A, Sinaj S, 2014. Wood ashes: a new fertilizer to Swiss agriculture. Agrarforshung Schweiz. 5: 232-239.
Mohapatra D, Kar A, Giri SK, 2015. Insect pest management in stored pulses: an overview. Food Bioprocess Technol 8: 239-265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11947-014-1399-2
Mkenda PA, Stevenson PC, Ndakidemi P, Farman DI, Belmain SR, 2015. Contact and fumigant toxity of five pesticidal plants against Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in stored cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). Int J Trop Insect Sci 35: 172-184. https://doi.org/10.1017/S174275841500017X
NRC, 1992. Neem. A tree for solving global problems. National Research Council, Nat Acad Press, Washington DC, USA.
Rojht H, Horvat A, Athanassiou CG, Vayias BJ, Tomanović Ž, Trdan S, 2010a. Impact of geochemical composition of diatomaceous earth on its insecticidal activity against adults of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). J Pest Sci 83: 429-436. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-010-0313-6
Rojht H, Horvat A, Trdan S, 2010b. Local Slovenian quartz sands have low insecticidal activity against rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae [L.], Coleoptera, Curculionidae) adults. J Food Agric Environ 8: 500-505.
Rojht H, Horvat A, Trdan S, 2012. Characteristics of diatomaceous earth as biopesticide for control of stored pests. Acta Agric Slovenica 99: 99-105. [in Slovenian]. http://aas.bf.uni-lj.si/marec2012/13rojht.pdf.
Statgraphics Centurion XVI, 2009. Statpoint technologies Inc. Warrenton, VA, USA.
Subramanyam B, Roesli R, 2000. Inert dusts. In: Alternatives to pesticides in stored-product IPM; Subramanyam B & Hagstrum DW (ed.), pp: 321-380. Kluwer Acad Publ, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4353-4_12
Tadese A, Basedow T, 2005. Laboratory and field studies on the effect of the natural control measures against pests in stored maize in Ethiopia. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankenheiten und Pflanzenshutz/J Plant Dis Prot 112: 156-172. http://www.ulmer.de/Laboratory-and-field-studies-on-the-effect-of-natural-control-measures-against-insect-pests-in-stored-maize-in-Et,QUlEPTM1NjMxJk1JRD01MTgwMiZBUk9PVD00OTEwJlRFTVBfTUFJTj1TY2llbnRpZmljc19Qb3J0cmFpdC5odG0.html
Throne JE, Weaver DK, 2013. Impact of temperature and relative humidity on the life history parameters of adult Sitotroga cerealella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). J Stored Product Res 55: 128-133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jspr.2013.10.003
Trdan S, Bohinc T, 2013. Research on insecticidal efficacy of single and combined use of different natural substances against granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius L.). Zbornik predavanj in referatov 11. Slovenskega posvetovanja o varstvu rastlin z mednarodno udeležbo, Bled, 5.-6. Marec 2013:160-167. [in Slovenian].
Vayias BJ, Athanassiou CG, 2004. Factors affecting the insecticidal efficacy of the diatomaceous earth formulation SilicoSec® against adults and larvae of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum DuVal (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Crop Prot 23: 565-573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2003.11.006
Vayias BJ, Athanassiou CG, Korunić Z, Rozman V, 2009. Evaluation of natural diatomaceous earth deposits from south-eastern Europe for stored-grain protection: the effect of particle size. Pest Manag Sci 65: 1118-1123. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.1801
© CSIC. Manuscripts published in both the print and online versions of this journal are the property of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and quoting this source is a requirement for any partial or full reproduction.
All contents of this electronic edition, except where otherwise noted, are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. You may read the basic information and the legal text of the licence. The indication of the CC BY 4.0 licence must be expressly stated in this way when necessary.
Self-archiving in repositories, personal webpages or similar, of any version other than the final version of the work produced by the publisher, is not allowed.
