Short communication. Differentiation of Type-I Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus vaccines and field strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis
Abstract
The use of modified live virus (MLV) vaccines is a common procedure to control porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection in the great majority of countries from America, Asia and Europe, including Spain. Current discriminatory techniques allow the detection of different MLV type-II vaccine strains. Herein we report a rapid and accurate technique aimed to discriminate between MLV type-I vaccine strains and Spanish field strains. This technique comprises a reverse transcription (RT) and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) amplification of PRRSV ORF5 followed by a digestion of RT-nPCR products with two specific endonucleases, ItaI and AccI. Combined utilization of ItaI and AccI generates restriction fragments length polymorphisms (RFLP) patterns adequate for the differentiation of 30 Spanish field isolates, of which 12 were isolated between 1991 and 1995 and 18 between 2000 and 2003. These different RFLP patterns can be used to distinguish unequivocally between Spanish field strains of PRRSV and the three MLV type-I vaccines used in Spain: AmervacPRRS®, Pyrsvac-183® and PorcilisPRRS®.
Downloads
References
Brar MS, Shi M, Ge L, Carman S, Murtaugh MP, Leung FC, 2011. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in Ontario, Canada 1999-2010: genetic diversity and restriction fragment length polymorphisms. J Gen Virol 92(6): 1391-1397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.030155-0 PMid:21346028
Cai HY, Alexander H, Carman S, Lloyd D, Josephson G, Maxie MG, 2002. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses recovered from Ontario farms, 1998–2000. J Vet Diag In 14: 343–347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870201400415 PMid:12152819
Cavanagh D, 1997. Nidovirales: a new order comprising Coronaviridae and Arteriviridae. Arch Virol 142(3): 629-633. PMid:9349308
Christopher-Hennings J, Nelson EA, Nelson JK, Hines RJ, Swenson SL, Hill HT, Zimmerman JJ, Katz JB, Yaeger MJ, Chase CC, 1995. Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in boar semen by PCR. J ClinMicrobiol 33(7): 1730-1734. PMid:7665637 PMCid:228258
Meng XJ, 2000. Heterogeneity of PRRSV: implications of current vaccine efficacy and future development. Vet Microbiol 74: 309-329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1135(00)00196-6
Mengeling WL, Lager KM, Vorwald AC, 1999. Safety and efficacy of vaccination of pregnant gilts against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Am J Vet Res 60(7): 796-801. PMid:10407469
Pesente P, Rebonato V, Sandri G, Giovanardi D, Ruffoni LS, Torriani S, 2006. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF5 and ORF7 sequences of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) from PRRS-positive Italian farms: A showcase for PRRSV epidemiology and its consequences on farm management. VetMicrobiol 114: 214–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.061 PMid:16386385
Prieto C, Vázquez A, Núñez JI, Álvarez E, Simarro I, Castro JM, 2009. Influence of time on the genetic heterogeneity of Spanish porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates. Vet J 180: 363–370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.01.005 PMid:18684650
Rossow KD, 1998. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Vet Pathol 35: 1-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098589803500101 PMid:9545131
Scortti M, Prieto C, Martínez-Lobo FJ, Simarro I, Castro JM, 2006. Effects of two commercial European modified-live vaccines against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses in pregnant gilts. Vet J 172: 506–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.07.015 PMid:16169756
Suárez P, Zardoya R, Prieto C, Solana A, Tabarés E, Bautista JM, Castro JM, 1994. Direct detection of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus by reverse polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Arch Virol 135(1-2): 89-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01309767
Walsh PS, Metzger DA, Higuchi R, 1991. Chelex 100 as a medium for simple extraction of DNA for PCR-based typing from forensic material. Biotechniques 10(4): 506-513. PMid:1867860
Wesley RD, Mengeling WL, Lager KM, Clouser DF, Landgraf JG, Frey ML, 1998. Differentiation of a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine strain from North American field strains by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of ORF 5. J Vet Diag In 10: 140–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063879801000204 PMid:9576340
Wesley RD, Mengeling WL, Lager KM, Vorwald AC, Roof MB, 1999. Evidence for divergence of restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns following in vivo replication of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Am J Vet Res 60(4): 463-467. PMid:10211690
© CSIC. Manuscripts published in both the printed and online versions of this Journal are the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and quoting this source is a requirement for any partial or full reproduction.
All contents of this electronic edition, except where otherwise noted, are distributed under a “Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International” (CC BY 4.0) License. You may read here the basic information and the legal text of the license. The indication of the CC BY 4.0 License must be expressly stated in this way when necessary.
Self-archiving in repositories, personal webpages or similar, of any version other than the published by the Editor, is not allowed.
