Genetic divergence and population structure analysis of common bean accessions from Garhwal Himalayas
Abstract
Aim of study: Collection of common bean accessions from different villages of Garhwal Himalayan region and assessment of their genetic diversity.
Area of study: Field trials were conducted at New Tehri, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand. The lab work was performed at Seed Science & Technology departmental laboratory, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India.
Material and Methods: 176 common bean accessions were collected from different villages of Garhwal Himalayas. Fourteen quantitative and ten qualitative traits were used to assess morphological diversity and for molecular diversity, twenty SSR primers were used.
Main results: Less variation was observed in genotypic and phenotypic variance in the different parameters studied, which indicates that the observed trait variation and expression are primarily due to genetic factors. The principal component analysis revealed that all the 15 quantitatively measured traits have been loaded on five components, however, major portion of variance (45.38 %) in common bean germplasm was explained by first two components. 293 alleles were scored by SSR markers for the accessions studied. The Bayesian clustering model implemented in STRUCTURE software, on the primary level (K = 2) clearly indicate the presence of both Mesoamerican and Andean gene pool. However, the Mesoamerican gene pool was predominant. The average allele/loci were 4.25 and 32.38 for Andean and Mesoamerican genepool respectively.
Research highlights: All the accessions were divided in Mesoamerican and Andean gene pool. Mesoamerican gene pool accounts for the vast majority. The Andean gene pool was only detected at higher altitude while Mesoamerican gene pool was found at both higher and lower altitude. Approximately 21 accessions showed agronomic superiority.
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