Efectos sobre el rendimiento y la calidad del tomate de un film de cubierta de invernaderos absorbente de UV

  • Ch. Papaioannou Technological Educational Institute of Larissa, Department of Biosystems Engineering (f/r Agricultural Machinery), Larissa
  • N. Katsoulas University of Thessaly, Department of Agriculture Crop Production & Rural Environment, Volos
  • P. Maletsika University of Thessaly, Department of Agriculture Crop Production & Rural Environment, Volos
  • A. Siomos Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Faculty of Agriculture, Thessaloniki
  • C. Kittas University of Thessaly, Department of Agriculture Crop Production & Rural Environment, Volos
Palabras clave: calidad de la fruta, estabilizadores de UV, insectos, polietileno, radiación ultravioleta, transmisión

Resumen

Se evaluó, en un estudio de dos años, en dos invernaderos a dos aguas ubicados en Grecia Central, el efecto del bloqueo de la radiación ultravioleta (UV) solar, utilizando un film absorbente de polietileno (PE) de baja densidad absorbente de UV, sobre el rendimiento del cultivo del tomate y la calidad del fruto. Los valores de transmisión de la radiación UV-A y UV-B del invernadero cubierto por el film PE absorbente de UV en el primer año fueron 0,4% y 1,2%, respectivamente, y se incrementaron hasta el 0,8% y el 1,3% en el segundo año. Estos valores en el invernadero cubierto por una película tradicional de PE fueron 20,7% y 12,5%, respectivamente, durante el 1er año y 28,7% y 26,7% durante el segundo año. Bajo la película absorbente de UV se redujo el número de frutos con heridas producidas por insectos y el rendimiento comercializable fue similar o mayor que bajo la película de PE tradicional, mientras que las características de calidad del fruto (tamaño, forma), el valor nutricional (ácido ascórbico y licopeno) y la calidad organoléptica (pH, acidez titulable y sólidos solubles totales) fueron similares con ambos materiales de revestimiento. Por otra parte, la reducción de la radiación UV entrante tuvo un efecto apreciable en el color de la piel de fruta, lo que indica un efecto sobre otros pigmentos distintos del licopeno.

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Publicado
2012-10-17
Cómo citar
Papaioannou, C., Katsoulas, N., Maletsika, P., Siomos, A., & Kittas, C. (2012). Efectos sobre el rendimiento y la calidad del tomate de un film de cubierta de invernaderos absorbente de UV. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(4), 959-966. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2012104-2899
Sección
Ingeniería agraria